July 17 2010

What’s Disease Rabies Danger?

Disease Rabies or hydrophobia is a contagious animal disease. Rabies disease causes by viruses and can attack warm-blooded animals and humans.

In animals suffering from rabies, a virus is found in large quantities in saliva. This virus can be transmitted to other animals or to humans through the bite wound. Therefore Carnivores animals (dogs, cats, wolves) is the animal most frequently mentioned as a disseminator rabies.

Rabies disease is a disease Zoonosa very dangerous and feared because if they have attacked humans or animals will always end with death.

Given the danger and ferocity of public health and tranquility of life, the prevention and eradication of this disease need to be implemented intensively. For Indonesia, the government determines that rabies free in 2005.

Animals are susceptible to rabies

All warm-blooded animals are susceptible to rabies. Rabies disease naturally found on the nation’s dogs, cats, bats and wild carnivores.

Incubation Period

The incubation period is the time between onset of symptoms until the disease penggigitan. Incubation period of rabies disease in dogs and cats less than two weeks (10 days-14 days). In humans 2-3 weeks and the longest one year.

Stages of Rabies Disease

Travel Rabies disease in dogs and cats were divided into three phases (stages).

1. Phase Prodormal: Animals looking for a cool and aloof, but can become more aggressive and nerves, extends pupils and rigid posture (tense). This phase lasts for 1-3 days. After a phase of continued Prodormal Excitation phase or directly to the phase bias paralysis.

2. Phase Excitation: Animals become malignant and attack anyone around him and eat weird stuff. Furthermore, the eye becomes cloudy and is always open and trembling, into the next phase of paralysis.

3. Phase paralysis: Animals experiencing paralysis in all parts of the body and ends with death.

Signs of Rabies Disease In Animals And Humans

In dogs and cats, rabies disease is divided into two forms, namely the form of silent (Dumb rabies) and malignant forms (Furious Rabies).

Sign of silent rabies:

* There was paralysis of the entire body.

* Animals can not chew and swallow food, the lower jaw clenched and unable to drool over.

* There is no desire to attack or bite. Animals will die within a few hours.

Sign of malignant Rabies:

* Animals become aggressive and no longer recognize their owners.

* Attacking people, animals and objects that move.

* When standing rigid attitude, the tail is folded back between his thighs.

* Puppy become more agile and loves to play, but will bite if held, and will become malignant in a few hours.

Signs of Rabies In Humans:

* The fear that is very much on the water, and sensitive to light, air and sound.

* Tears and saliva out excess.

* Pupil’s eyes widened.

* Talk is not known, always wanted to move and seemed in pain.

* Furthermore, marked by convulsions and paralysis and finally death.

Action Against Cattle Biting

Dogs, cats and since the era that bite humans or other animals should be suspected of suffering from rabies. Towards animals should be taken the following actions:

* When the animal was a pet or an owner, the animal must be captured and handed over to the local Animal Husbandry Department for observation for 14 days. When the negative observations of animal rabies then it should get a rabies vaccination before being turned back to its owner.

* If the biting animal is wild animals (no owner) then the animal was captured alive should be sought and submitted to the local Animal Husbandry Department for observation and after the observation period is completed the animal be destroyed or maintained by a person who is pleased, having first given a rabies vaccination .

* If the animal who bit hard to catch and had to be killed, then the head of these animals must be taken and immediately submitted to the local Animal Husbandry Department for laboratory examination.

Action Against Person bitten (Victim)

1. Immediately wash the bite wound with clean water and soap or detergent for 5-10 minutes then rinse with running water, then dry with a clean cloth or paper towel.

2. Then given a bandage wounds that are available (eg iodine) and then wrapped loosely with a clean bandage.

3. Patients or victims immediately taken to the nearest health center or hospital to receive further treatment.

Action Against Dogs, Cats, or apes that are kept

1. Placing a pet in a cage a good and appropriate, and always consider the cleanliness of the cage and surroundings.

2. Keeping pet health by providing good food, good maintenance and carry out regular rabies vaccination every year to the Department of Animal Husbandry or Veterinary Practice.

3. Install the chain on the dog’s neck when the dog being invited to take a walk.

July 8 2010

17 Questions & Answers About Breast Cancer

• Do exercise can reduce breast cancer risk?

Exercise during four hours in a week can lower the risk because the sport can improve the immune system and decrease the level of estrogen in the body.

• Can a healthy diet prevents breast cancer?

oPilih diet low in calories and nutritious. Foods that contain high calories may increase the risk of developing breast cancer. Fats trigger the growth of the estrogen hormone can stimulate tumor growth. The contents of the diet with fruits and vegetables.

• Smoking was the trigger breast cancer?

The study did not find cigarettes as a cause of breast cancer. It is still further investigated. However, if you’ve been diagnosed with breast cancer, smoking can lower survival rate.

• Alcoholic beverages increase the risk of breast cancer?

Alcohol can increase the risk of developing breast cancer. Drinking more alcohol, the higher the risk of developing breast cancer.

• How often should I perform Breast Self Examination (BSE)?

At least once a month to do BSE. Notice if there are changes in size, there are bumps, grooves, wrinkles on
changes in the breast or nipple.

• Does a family history affect breast cancer risk?

If the grandmother, mother, son or sister (a very close family relationships) are affected by breast cancer, mammography did five years before the age they are diagnosed with breast cancer. Or check with your doctor immediately if there are unusual changes.

• Is there a relationship between menstruation with breast cancer?

You are at high risk if your menstrual cycles start early ie before the age of 12 years, no children, first child after age 30, or menopause after age 55.

• How often do we have to do check ups?

Do it every year. But if there are unusual changes in the breast, immediately visit the doctor. Do not delay.

• Is mammography painful?

Mammography is the examination of the breast using X-ray Discomfort arising from the breast is pressed mammograms only for a moment. Better time to do the mammogram is one week after menstruation when it is completed because the breast feels softer.

• Who should perform mammography?

Women aged 40 years and over

• What should be taken when doing mammography?

If you’ve never done mammography or other breast examination, simply carry identity cards. However, if the team had already been, take the results / previous mammogram films (if any), place and date of mammography, biopsy reports or other reports. Radiology Specialist you will compare it to a new report.

• Are the results of mammography may be granted immediately after the inspection?

No, the film will be sent to the radiology specialist for the observed results. Therefore, it takes 3-4 weeks from the date of mammography before you are given the results.

• Is mammography safe?

Yes, mammography is safe. Mammography uses low doses of radiation. Pressure on the breast for a few minutes will not cause adverse effects on the breast.

• accurate is mammography?

Mammography is the best way to detect breast cancer early because it can detect a lump that is too small to
perceived themselves. But 10% of cancers are not seen by mammogram. This is due to:
1. Located in the breast that mammograms difficult to detect.
2. Hidden in normal breast tissue.
3. Not visible because the growth of cancer cells does not affect or alter the surrounding normal tissue.

• Can mammography to determine a lump is cancerous or not?

Mammography is useful in finding a lump in the breast, but mammography can not determine whether the lump is cancerous or not. Biopsy is necessary to take the network so the network can be investigated whether it is cancerous or not.

• Do all women need to do a mammogram?

Mammography is usually not recommended for women under the age of 40 years because at that age, the breasts more dense, making it difficult to identify small changes that occur. More advisable to do the ultrasound.

source : http://www.pitapink.com/id/tanya-jawab.php

July 6 2010

Pain in Your Breast?

What causes breast pain and what can you do?

Breast pain (mastalgia) is a common thing. Approximately 70% of women will experience it at some point in their lives. And the pain in the breast is most severe medical problem for doctors and patients.

Begin your search for information from as much about the pain. When you decide to go to a doctor, would be very helpful if you could explain whether this pain keep you experience. Because it is often associated with hormonal changes or liquid storage at the time you’re menstruating or direct pressure on the nerves of the neck or chest.

Another factor that can cause disease in the breast is the birth control pills, hormone replacement therapy, weight gain, and BH is not in accordance with the breast. Women who experience pain in the breast after breastfeeding, it is advisable to speak to a doctor or consultant.

Some women feel sick because of water retention, and not related to menstrual periods. This observation led the researchers to find the cause of the environment or nutrition, but have not found clear answers. Maybe someday, we can find women who lack certain vitamins and is associated with diseases of the breast, but until now there is no evidence that there are vitamins that can be overcome. But many also say that their pain reduced by taking Vitamin B6, Vitamin B1, and Vitamin E.

The second hypothesis, called the “hypothesis methylxanthine” emphasizes that caffeine, a methylxanthine found in coffee, tea, cocoa, and cola may be associated with water retention, cell proliferation, and ultimately pain in the breast. (Methylxanthine also found in some asthma medications) Although this is a plausible mechanism, trials conducted to some of the women given caffeine or placebo tablets in random order, stating no link between caffeine to feel the pain in the breast.

Some women say that by wearing a good bra, like a sports bra, even at night to help reduce pain. There is also a reduced entry of sodium, reduced eating fatty foods, eat birth control pills, and weight loss.

A clinic in Cardiff, Wales, found that by using evening primrose oil (a natural form of gamolenic acid) can relieve pain around 44-58 percent of women who experience it. Evening primrose oil can be purchased at health food stores, each capsule contains 500mg. It is recommended to drink two times six capsules daily. Take a few moments before the impact of evening primrose oil can be felt, and it is recommended to do a trial period of four months. If after four months of reduced pain, continue the use of one to two months and beyond. This method is not recommended if you’re in the pregnancy because it can cause miscarriage.

Another option is medication over-the-counter pain. Normally, you are encouraged to talk to your doctor about prescription medications more effective, but also prone to side effects. Two drugs that are often used to cope with pain in the breast is Parlodel (bromocriptine) and Danocrine (danazol).

In a double-blind trial placebo-controlled randomized, Parlodel lowering prolactin levels and certainly effective in reducing pain in the breast that are repetitive. Side effects include dizziness, abdominal pain, headache, fatigue, vomiting, and constipation. You can reduce the likelihood of these side effects ranging from a low dose, then add a dose, and the end use of low doses of the most appropriate for you. Parlodel is not advisable to consume if you’re using birth control pills.

Treatment to cope with pain by using steroids, Danocrine, effective in reducing pain in the breast. Very effective at low doses, such as 100mg per day. The side effects are found in most women who consumed high doses (600-800mg/hari) is as increasing breast size, heavier sound, guttural, raspy throat, weight gain, bloating and swelling, sweating, vaginal dryness, burning, itching -itching, bleeding, depression, irritability, and changes in menstrual period. Danazol also can not be consumed if you’re using birth control pills, are pregnant, or breastfeeding.
Drug tamoxifen, a hormonal treatment for breast cancer, also proved effective in reducing pain in the breast. Dosage is 10mg/hari. Usually provided for experiments during three months, it is recommended to continue the use if the pain is still felt after stop taking taxomifen.
If not found a fundamental cause of pain in the breast, and if there is pain in certain areas of the breast, a local anesthetic injection can be done even with steroids, if necessary.

It is not easy to do research on pain in the breast, because the pain often goes away by itself. Many women experience pain very once in his life. Usually lasts for a few months ago reduced and just disappear. Therefore, the doctor will ask how long have you experienced these symptoms and will not prescribe pain medication until you have up to three months or more.

I experience pain, bleeding from the left breast and found a lump under the nipple. Is this a sign my breast cancer?

To stop the bleeding of the nipple is troubling, and this should you check with your doctor. But this is not really an emergency.
Rather than go to a doctor in the disease, you should visit a specialist breast. An expert in dealing with breast disease. Depending on the form of a lump, breast disease specialist can perform ductogram, procedures by which a substance is inserted through the tubes and x-ray done on these vessels. Ductogram allows the surgeon to recognize the part where the issue of blood vessels and to determine whether there are obstructive vessels. (Imagine if a rusty pipe inside and unobstructed. When the rust is off and out of the end of the pipe, the water that comes out looks cloudy). Ductogram should be done in breast imaging centers that have been experienced. In some cases, ductogram may be unnecessary. Especially there jka lumps, bumps and even a covered vessel.

Cessation of bleeding may occur because of intraductal papilloma or tumor vessels within the area where you feel a lump under your nipple. This is usually referred to as spontaneous bloody nipple discharge. Sometimes occurred that resulted in the dismissal of pre-cancerous conditions or ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). But this rarely happens. Only 4% of spontaneous bloody nipple discharge is found associated with breast cancer. However, it is important to check this is to see a doctor.

When you are pregnant, bloody nipple discharge do not need to worry about. Currently many of the growth of cells within the vessels and it is unusual to have bloody discharge. Also to be noted that smoking, hypertension, birth control pills, and tranquilizers can cause bleeding at the nipple because the things that stimulate prolactin, a hormone that affects the period of lactation. So if you smoke, drink a sedative, you must tell your doctor