Type 2 diabetes become a global epidemic. There are currently 120-140 million people around the world. World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that the incidence would be 300 million in 2025.

According to WHO, the number of type 2 diabetes in Indonesia will increase 250 percent, from five million (1995), to 25 million in 2005. Diab Care Research Asia 2001 in several health center five big cities in Indonesia show, 58 percent of patients with type 2 diabetes are overweight.

Obesity is a condition where the body is abnormal accumulation of fat in adipose tissue to the level of damage the health. Many ways to measure obesity. The most practical is the measurement of Body Mass Index (BMI), ie weight (kg) divided by height (meters) squared. If the BMI of more than 25 means overweight. Called obesity when BMI of more than 30.

Problems and challenges in the management of diabetic patients with obesity to be one topic of the Congress of ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies (AFES) XI in Bali, last November.

According to Indonesian Chairman of the Endocrinology Society (Perkeni) is also President of AFES Dr. Soegondo SpPD Sidartawan-TO, increase the incidence of type 2 diabetes in Indonesia, mostly caused by unhealthy eating patterns, lifestyle and age of life expectancy.

“About 35 percent of patients with type 2 diabetes Indonesia overweight or obesity in the abdomen. As weight gain, body more or less sensitive to the effects of insulin. As a result, the pancreas will produce more insulin. When the ability of the pancreas to produce insulin can not compensate for insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes occurs indicated high levels of blood sugar, “explained Sidartawan.

Diatbets type 2 can not be treated until cured, only managed / controlled. Complications of Type 2 diabetes can damage many organs, such as eyes, kidneys, brain, heart, and can be fatal.

According to Professor Luc Van Gaal, endocrinology expert from Belgium who melakukaan research weight loss management, use of orlistat (generic name) in patients treated with metformin and insulin to lose weight three times greater than with diet alone.

Source: Kompas, Monday, December 24, 2001

If someone is positive for diabetes, dyslipidemia, and hypertension, then it is called having metabolic syndrome. To determine metabolic syndrome, or collection of clinical symptoms associated with obesity, there paramater. Among other abdominal circumference, liguis tongue (the fat content in the neck), blood pressure, levels of HDL (good cholesterol), and blood sugar.

The main cause is the wrong diet, and lack of physical activity. World Health Organization (WHO) calls obesity as a dangerous disease. Because it concerns the degree of health problems.

According to Dr Widjaja Lukito, PhD, SEAMEO-TROPMED diirektur, at a workshop entitled Real Life Application of Overweight and Obesity Management in Bandung a few moments ago, being overweight is a problem for everyone because most everyone has made mistakes in managing diet. In addition, many people do not know how to combine food, and often consume a diet containing fat (fat meals).

Symptoms that can lead to overweight and obesity is hunger and appetite. Hunger is as hungry as the conditions that people must eat. While appetite associated with appetite.

“I see, the problem is not from food but the fat contained in food. This means that each human being should consider a healthy diet, fat content of food eaten should be low, and the nutrients in it must be balanced,” said Widjaja.

Danger for women
Overweight and obesity not only affects health because it can cause complications illnesses. Rather, it is also at risk for psychological. Someone who will suffer a crisis of confidence due to being overweight.

The most dangerous, said Widjaja, if this happens to women. “Women who are overweight at risk of infertility, difficult to get a descent,” he said.

Obesity in children affects IQ (intelligence). IQ decline caused by neck size so that the respiratory tract affected. Oksigenisasi indirectly to the brain does not go smoothly. Therefore, the child experienced endurance, endurance studies disrupted. Of course, this can affect learning achievement.

Widjaja said the Indonesian people, especially in urban areas, tend to rarely perform physical activity. The number of facilities available, such as freight transportation, elevators, and other community causes do not want to walk.

In addition, lack of awareness of exercise such as walking, swimming, and gymnastics. Walking is the most expensive sport and safe to do. Although only 15 minutes, walk a very big effect because it can burn calories in the body.

Measuring Calories
To find out how many calories are burned during physical activity is a tool called a Pedometer. Simply lightweight, this tool is easy to carry everywhere. Shaped like a pager, which can be stored at the waist.

In addition, there is a tool to measure waist circumference waist named type. The shape is quite unique, small, and easy to carry. How to use it fairly easily. Namely, hip circumference divided by hip circumference, the results should not be more than one. If more, it shows no accumulation of fat around the abdomen and pelvis. Normal waist circumference for women less than 80 cm. Meanwhile, for men less than 90 cm.

Body mass index (BMI)-Calculator is a tool to determine the size of the body. The tool is shaped like a compass, to show the height and weight. By comparing height and weight, we will know the size of our bodies. Is your body thin, normal, overweight, obesity, or extreme obesity.

What to Look For
There are several things to note if you are overweight. If you want to and have the desire, it is not difficult for you to lose weight. According to Dr Widjaja Lukito, PhD, SEAMEO-TROPMED diirektur, doing regular physical activity of exercise for 30 minutes every day, consumption of foods low in fat, adjust your diet, consider that food consumed, and set to a variety of foods.

The definition of regular eating pattern that is in one meal should be vegetables, fruits, and nuts. “Food is too salty or sweet, bad for health,” he explained.

Raw foods containing high fiber such as purine, cholesterol, saturated fat is not a single, sodium, and potassium, may be easier for you to undergo a diet program and may prevent certain diseases.

It is also important to implement evaluation and monitoring. This is useful for monitoring the development of weight so the number of calories in and out can be known.

Researchers say this has nothing to do with a mammogram performed at least a fat woman.

According to Dr. Karla Kerlikowske, as reported by Reuters Health, even taking into account how many times they do a screening to detect breast cancer, obese women have a risk of breast cancer 10% higher. As for the possibility of developing the disease becomes more severe for 56 to 82 percent.

In addition researchers also confirmed that it was not because a mammogram is less accurate when performed in women with excess weight. “We can show that the detection of breast tumors can be done easily in those who are overweight.

So the increased risk of this disease is not because not detected by mammogram, “Kerlikowske said.

“It is noteworthy that women routinely perform mammography and keep your weight balanced, two things that can reduce their chance of breast cancer,” added Kerlikoswke, physician San Francisco VA Medical Center and professor of health, epidemiology, and biostatistics University of California, San Francisco.

Since 1996 until 2005, Kerlikoswke and mammography colleagues collected data on 287,115 women who had experienced menopause and hormone therapy. As many as 4446 of them were diagnosed with breast cancer one year after mammography tests.

Researchers found that the risk of these diseases higher on their obesity.

“The reason was probably due to circulating estrogen wanitas obesity rises, so can trigger tumor growth,” said Kerlikowske.

Fortunately, he added, this is a risk factor that can be controlled. How to maintain ideal weight and not consume postmenopausal hormones.

***
High Protein Food and Obesity

FOOD high in protein can help obese people burn more fat, so the results of a small study conducted Marijka Dr Batterham and colleagues from the University of Wollongong, New South Wales.

In this new study Australian scientists to test whether the composition of proteins in different foods affect weight.
They found that people who are overweight to burn more fat when they finished eating foods that contain high protein.

A number of studies have shown that high-protein diets can help people lose weight. Therefore, proteins are better able to suppress the desire to eat than fat or carbohydrates.

This study has not proved, but there is hope that the increased burning of fat can mean weight loss for a long time though. But to ensure it still needed further research.

The findings are published in the journal Nutrition & Dietetics is based on a study of 18 adults with metabolism after eating her tested for three different days. The participants’ average age was 40 years, 8 of them overweight, normal 6, and 4 obesity.

On one day they were given breakfast and lunch menus have been determined, consisting of 58 percent carbohydrates and 14 percent protein. At other times during the two days they made a balanced diet, consisting of one third of calories come from protein, and another third of the carbohydrates.

Eight hours after eating, researchers found that those who are overweight and obese burn less fat than thinner counterparts. However, this difference disappeared when they consume high-protein foods.

Protein-rich foods in question include the low butter fat, lean beef, eggs, combined with vegetables and a source of carbohydrates.

Batterham said he and his colleagues are now testing whether the source of vegetable protein has a similar effect on the metabolism of fat people who are overweight.

***
Weight Loss Cure Diabetes

New Study published in the journal American Health Association (American Medical Association) showed that weight-loss surgery can cure diabetes.

In this study, Australian researchers found that patients who undergo surgery to reduce the size of the stomach has a chance to recover from diabetes two years after the surgery five times higher than those who undergo the standard medical treatment.

“This is the best therapy for diabetes that we have today, and the risk is very low,” said study leader Dr John Dixon of Monash University Medical School in Melbourne, Australia.

Dixon and colleagues studied 60 men with a fat body mass index more than 30 but less than 40. Body mass index, or BMI, a ratio of height versus weight. BMI of 30 or greater is considered obese.

All of these patients had been diagnosed with obesity and type 2 diabetes during the last two years. Their ages average 47 years.
Half of patients undergoing abdominal surgery circumference, while the rest of the usual treatment.

Throughout the study, the research team to observe whether there is the possibility of weight loss through surgery can be an effective treatment for type 2 diabetes.

The result is known as much as 75% of patients who undergo surgery for abdominal circumference, diabetes disappear within two years after surgery. As to those who undergo normal treatment, only 13% are cured of diabetes.

In addition, those who undergo stomach surgery lose weight up to 20.7% after two years, far higher than the weight loss achieved by those undergoing normal treatment, only 1.7%.

“An important finding in this study is the level of weight loss, not the method, seems to be the prime mover and the loss of glycaemic improvement of diabetes in obese patients,” said Dixon.

“This has important implications, because it shows that intensive therapy weight loss may be the first step to more effective against diabetes than changes in simple lifestyle,” he said.

But Dixon says caution is needed in interpreting the long-term benefits of weight loss surgery. (suaramerdeka.com)

Obesity or overweight can cause many negative effects on health. Children who were innocent would not understand this danger. So, is the responsibility of parents keep their children stay healthy. Parents should know what causes obesity and how to prevent or overcome the problem of child obesity.

Due to Obesity

Disease that can be caused by obesity are diabetes, high blood pressure, or heart disease. Diseases once considered a disease of old age and adults, can now be experienced in children due to fat deposits, cholesterol and sugar contained in the body. Respiratory distress or a greater risk of asthma experienced by children who are obese.

In addition, children with overweight or obese can also have difficulty moving and disturbed growth due to excessive fat deposits in the organs of the body that should be developed. Not to mention the psychological effects experienced by children, such as taunts from classmates in children who were enrolled.

Obesity Causes

Some causes of obesity in children is:

* Genetic factors
Factor is the offspring of parents are difficult to avoid. When the father or mother overweight, this can be passed on to children.
* Fast food and packaged snacks
The rise of fast food restaurants is one factor. The kids mostly like fast food or fast food even many children who will eat with gusto and add portions when eating fast food. Though these foods usually contain fat and high sugar which causes obesity. Parents who frequently use the busy fast food served practical to give to their children, although bad nutritious for children. Although fast-food taste delicious but do not have the nutrients for growth and development of children. That’s why fast food is often referred to as junk food or junk food. In addition, the children’s favorite on packaged snacks or sweet foods into something noteworthy.
* Soft drinks
Just like fast food, soft drinks (soft drinks) have shown a high sugar content so that the weight will quickly increase if you consume these beverages. Taste the delicious and refreshing make children very fond of this drink.
* Lack of physical activity
Childhood identical to the play. Formerly, children generally play a physical game that requires kids running, jumping or other movement. However, it has been replaced with electronic games, computers, Internet, or television that is done by just sitting in front of him without having to move. This is what causes a child less exercise causing overweight.

Obesity Solutions

To you who have children with overweight or obesity, should not impose a strict diet for children because it can interfere with the growth and health. In contrast to the child overcome obesity or preventing your child avoid obesity, the steps you can take are as follows.

* Consider the food will be given to children
Reduce eating fast food or fast food, packaged snacks, soft drinks, sweet snacks or food with high fat content. Instead, serve meat and fresh vegetables. Expand the consumption of fruit and milk are good for growing children. Provide appropriate portion and not too much.
* Provide breakfast and lunch for children
Breakfast is a good start for children at the beginning of the day. This is necessary so that children can be strong when on the move in schools and prevent overeating later. By bringing food from home, parents can control the nutrition of children and avoid that the child does not need to snack outside.
* Improve food processing techniques
Not too many fried foods to avoid too much fat is consumed. You can try to steam, boil or bake foods to more healthy foods.
* Set rules to eat
Familiarize your child to eat at the table rather than in front of the television or computer. Many people will not realize how much food is eaten when he ate while enjoying the show in front of the television or computer.
* Limit television viewing activities, video games or computer use
Doing these activities will make you lazy child moves, it would require strict rules about how long this activity should be done. Furthermore, you can help your child to be enjoying other entertainment such as biking, playing ball or just jump rope.
* Perform activities that require physical activity
You and the kids can plan to do with sports activities like jogging, running, swimming, badminton or other sports. Or plan a vacation together on the beach, the zoo or the park so that you and your child can walk more.

The fat child was funny and cute. But keep your sons and daughters of our beloved so that they grow healthy and also has a pattern of life and a healthy diet. Parents are responsible for providing the best for their children. Remember that obesity or overweight is not a good thing for a child.